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сұрақ		жауап
24. Sentence elements: characterize briefly and give examples. оқуды бастаңыз		Sentence elements are the groups of words that combine together to comprise the ‘building units’ of a well-formed sentence
A sentence element approach to grammar assumes a top-down methodology оқуды бастаңыз		. In other words, it starts with the sentence as a whole and then divides it into its functional components
There are five types of sentence elements: subject, predicate, object, predicative (aka complement), adverbial оқуды бастаңыз		Example: They elected him president yesterday
they (=subject), elected (=verb), him (=object), president (=predicative), yesterday (=adverbial оқуды бастаңыз		All the sentence elements except the subject fall into the predicate of the sentence
The subject is the topic of the sentence and the predicate is the comment on the subject оқуды бастаңыз		Every verb group has a main verb, which may stand alone or may be preceded by auxiliary verbs which determine the mood, tense, voice or aspect of the main verb
The main verbs determines which other sentence elements are required or permitted in the predicate, (selection restriction оқуды бастаңыз		An object is an entity involved in the subject's ‘performance’ of the verb
Predicatives are nominals or adjectivals which tell us more about the subject or object by means of the verb The subject, verb phrase, objects and predicatives form the core of a sentence оқуды бастаңыз		Any other element is adverbial; it concerns the circumstances of the sentence (when, where) or relates the sentence to something else

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