Unit 7 (Upstream)

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preconception
оқуды бастаңыз
a belief formed about sth before one has enough information or experience, assumption, prejudice
ageism
оқуды бастаңыз
discrimination against old people
agility
оқуды бастаңыз
the ability to move quickly and easily
strive
оқуды бастаңыз
to make great effort to achieve sth
on the verge of sth
оқуды бастаңыз
about to do sth
intent on squandering one’s talent
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deliberately not using one’s natural skills
squander
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to waste
triumphant
оқуды бастаңыз
victorious, successful, winning
precede
оқуды бастаңыз
to come before sth else, preface, begin
literal
оқуды бастаңыз
(of sense or meaning) the most basic
implication
оқуды бастаңыз
the things that are likely to happen as a result of sth
cliché
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an idea or phrase which has been used so many times that it has lost effect or meaning
inattention
оқуды бастаңыз
lack of attention
sacrilegious
оқуды бастаңыз
showing great disrespect towards sth holy or sth that people think should be respected; blasphemous; sinful; profane;
impairing
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weakening, harming, damaging
draining
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exhausting
resurgence
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reappearance and growth; revival; reawakening
unprecedented
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that has never happened before; extraordinary; exceptional; unparalleled
fleeting
оқуды бастаңыз
lasting for a very short time; brief, short
double over
оқуды бастаңыз
to suddenly bend forward, lean forward
instinctive
оқуды бастаңыз
impulsive, spontaneous
be washed-up
оқуды бастаңыз
to be no longer successful; lost your courage or spirit
vomit
оқуды бастаңыз
to be sick, throw up
toll
оқуды бастаңыз
a price, charge / suffering
vulnerable
оқуды бастаңыз
susceptible; more likely to be hurt, fall ill, etc than others
highly-strung
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nervous, easily upset
frame
оқуды бастаңыз
the body
emotional rawness
оқуды бастаңыз
very intense and overwhelming emotions (power and naturalness)
exacerbate
оқуды бастаңыз
to make a problem or a situation worse; worsen; aggravate; magnify;
succession
оқуды бастаңыз
a number of things that happen one after the other; sequence; series;
devastating
оқуды бастаңыз
shocking, upsetting
relentlessly
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without stopping, persistently
scrutiny
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careful examination, investigation, study
internal
оқуды бастаңыз
connected with the inside of sth
compelling
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interesting, irresistible, captivating
archetypal
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typical of a certain type or thing; representative; model
solipsistic
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self-centered, narcissistic
at odds with
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in conflict with; arguing
quibble
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to argue/an argument;
prodigy
оқуды бастаңыз
a young person who has a great natural talent for sth
hype
оқуды бастаңыз
mass media coverage, discussions or advertisements focusing on one topic or one product
strung out
оқуды бастаңыз
nervous, deeply affected by sth, stressy
notoriety
оқуды бастаңыз
bad fame
precipitate
оқуды бастаңыз
to cause sth to happen sooner than normal; to quicken
pensive
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deep in thought; contemplative
stress-induced
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caused by stress
aloof
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not very friendly or willing to spend time with other people; distant, formal
irate
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very angry, furious
awed
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amazed, astonished
fragile
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frail, weak, delicate
keep one's eye on the ball
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keep one's attention focused on the matter in hand
debilitating
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weakening, exhausting, draining
fraction
оқуды бастаңыз
a small amount of sth; fragment;
unparalleled
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unique; rare; exceptional; unprecedented
blighted by
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negatively affected, ruined, spoiled
rite of passage
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(rytuał przejścia); an event which marks a new chapter/stage in life
blaze of hype
оқуды бастаңыз
a lot of public attention (outburst of attention)
discrepancy
оқуды бастаңыз
a noticeable difference; inconsistency; mismatch
deviation
оқуды бастаңыз
doing sth different from what people consider to be normal or acceptable
interval
оқуды бастаңыз
a break in an event; pause, gap
a contradiction in terms
оқуды бастаңыз
a statement that contains conflicting words or ideas (wyrażenie wewnętrznie sprzeczne)
surge
оқуды бастаңыз
a sudden large increase
lucid
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clear and easy to understand; plain; vivid
flagrant
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shocking, obvious, evident
endeavour
оқуды бастаңыз
an attempt to achieve a goal; try; effort;
tumbling
оқуды бастаңыз
involving rapid jumps and falls
at the drop of a hat
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immediately, without hesitating;
incorporate
оқуды бастаңыз
to include sth;
digest
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to think about sth carefully so as to understand it; to process;
comprise
оқуды бастаңыз
to be made up of a number of things; contain; consist of;
merit
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an advantage; quality; value;
endurance
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the ability to continue with a difficult activity; stamina; patience;
eligible
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qualified or able to do sth
assail
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to challenge, to attack;
make a clean sweep of sth
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to win all games in a series or tournament
precedent
оқуды бастаңыз
sth that has occurred before
equine
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related to horses
incentive
оқуды бастаңыз
sth that encourages sb; motivation; motive
relish
оқуды бастаңыз
to get a lot of enjoyment from sth, to look forward to sth
stablemate
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a racehorse that comes from the same stable
near miss
оқуды бастаңыз
a situation where sth very nearly happens; sth narrowly avoided
dominant
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the most powerful or important
embrace
оқуды бастаңыз
to accept, support, include in a larger group;
mar
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to spoil, damage, ruin
ill-fated
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ended in an unsuccessful way; doomed; destined to fail
cool-headed
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calm in difficult situation; easygoing; mellow; laid-back
mercurial
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frequently changing; changeable; inconsistent
epitomize
оқуды бастаңыз
to be a perfect example of sth; embody; manifest
back-to-back
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continuous; sequential; following
transcend
оқуды бастаңыз
to go beyond normal limits; exceed; outdo
attain
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gain; achieve; accomplish
feathery touch
оқуды бастаңыз
soft or gentle hitting
jab
оқуды бастаңыз
sudden, sharp punch
flick
оқуды бастаңыз
sudden upward movement; snap
unfathomable
оқуды бастаңыз
that cannot be understood or explained; incomprehensible; puzzling; mysterious
artistry
оқуды бастаңыз
creative skill or ability
brat
оқуды бастаңыз
a person, especially a child, who behaves badly
lambast
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(formal) to criticise sb very harshly, especially in public; reprimand;
stuffy
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very serious and formal; stiff
be the pits
оқуды бастаңыз
(informal) to be the worst of the kind;
tirade against sb/sth
оқуды бастаңыз
a long speech criticising sb or sth
soliloquy
оқуды бастаңыз
monologue; a speech delivered by a dramatic character who is left alone on the stage, speaking his or her thoughts aloud
run amok
оқуды бастаңыз
to suddenly start behaving violently, in anger or excitement
self-flagellation
оқуды бастаңыз
extreme criticism of oneself; self-accusation; self-hatred
self-loathing
оқуды бастаңыз
the feeling of disgust or great dislike for oneself; self-hatred

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