→ Cooperative Principle: Conversational Implicature → Оқуды бастаңыз / MP3 флэш-карталарын жүктеу

сұрақ		жауап
Conversational implicature оқуды бастаңыз		A meaning or message that is implicated in a conversation implicated = ukryte, indirect way of expressing oneself A: Are you going to John's party? B: I have heard Mary is going.
Cooperative principle оқуды бастаңыз		describes how people achieve effective conversational communication in common social situations presupposition that people want to cooperate when they exchange meanings
flouting a maxim flouting - lekceważenie оқуды бастаңыз		convey a different meaning than what is literally said, to produce a negative pragmatic effect, sarcasm or irony
maxim of quantity оқуды бастаңыз		economic message, giving maximum information with minimum effort, Violating the maxim: not being brief Make your contribution as informative as is required (for the current purposes of the exchange). A: What is your age? B: Oh, what a nice question, my age is: 2+5+4+6+3+9.
maxim of quality оқуды бастаңыз		telling the truth, flouting this maxim means laying but the speaker might be aware of it = sarcasm 'my phone never stops ringing', 'she's got ne nerves of steel'
maxim of manner and relation оқуды бастаңыз		be relevant, act accordingly, give information in a clear way A: How old are you B: I like cheesecake
generalized implicature оқуды бастаңыз		is a conversational implicature that is possible without reference to a special context a/ an - jakieś, jakiekolwiek John walked into a house yesterday and saw a tortoise. - This expression implies that the house is not John’s house
particularized implicature оқуды бастаңыз		possible only in a specific context A: What on earth has happened to the roast beef? B: The dog is looking very happy.

Cooperative principle: Conversational Implicature

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